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Understanding when to start screening, what your options are, and how insurance works can feel overwhelming. To make things easier, we’ve put together clear, straightforward answers to the most common questions patients ask.

What age should I start screening?

Most adults should begin colorectal cancer screening at age 45. If you have higher‑risk factors—such as a family history of colorectal cancer, certain genetic conditions, or a history of inflammatory bowel disease—your doctor may recommend starting earlier. Screening is one of the most effective ways to prevent colorectal cancer by finding precancerous polyps early.

What is a FIT test?

A FIT test (Fecal Immunochemical Test) is a simple, at‑home stool test that checks for hidden blood in your stool, which can be an early sign of colorectal cancer or large polyps. It’s noninvasive, requires no special diet or preparation, and typically needs to be done once a year.

Do I need a colonoscopy if my stool test is abnormal?

Yes. An abnormal FIT or other stool test means blood or other markers were detected, and a colonoscopy is the recommended next step. A colonoscopy allows your doctor to directly examine the colon, remove polyps, and determine the cause of the abnormal result.

Does insurance cover screening?

In most cases, yes. Many insurance plans cover routine colorectal cancer screening starting at age 45 with no out‑of‑pocket cost. Coverage may vary for diagnostic procedures (such as a follow‑up colonoscopy after an abnormal stool test), so it’s always a good idea to check with your insurance provider.

My family has a history of other types of cancer; would I still be a candidate for a FIT test?

Yes. Having other cancers in your family usually does not stop you from getting a FIT test. A FIT test checks for tiny amounts of blood in your poop to help screen for colon cancer. Still, it’s always best to talk with a doctor so they can make sure it’s right for you.

I had blood in my stool once a long time ago (maybe within the year). Would I still be eligible for a FIT test?

Most people can still get a FIT test even if they saw blood once before. But blood in your stool can have many causes, and a healthcare professional should know about it so they can decide the safest next step.

If I don’t take stool softeners, I will be constipated. Does that mean I don’t qualify for a FIT test?

Being constipated does not usually stop someone from getting a FIT test. Constipation is common and doesn’t automatically disqualify you. Still, it’s a good idea to tell your doctor so they can help you choose the best screening option.

I had a colonoscopy 10 years ago and it was clear. Can I get a FIT test now?

Yes. Many people who had a clear colonoscopy 10 years ago can switch to a FIT test for regular screening. Doctors often recommend screening every year with a FIT test or every 10 years with a colonoscopy. A doctor can confirm what’s best for you based on your health history.